Hydraulic conductance of root and shoot measured with the transient and dynamic modes of the high-pressure flowmeter
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چکیده
The hydraulic conductance (k) of shoots and root systems was measured using the transient and the dynamic modes of the high pressure flowmeter (HPFM). Measurements were conducted on Quercus robur and Fagus sylvatica plants grown on different substrates (forest soil, sand, Terra-green and vermiculite) and harvested at different times of the year. The values of k obtained by the transient mode were compared to those obtained by the dynamic mode. A tight 1:1 correlation was observed for shoots and defoliated stems but several types of discrepancies appeared for root systems. The underestimation of k by the dynamic mode as compared to the transient mode could be explained by reverse osmosis at the endodermis. However the transient mode was not functional for some root systems. This problem occurred essentially in small plants harvested early in the year before budbreak had been completed. Nature and origins of problems are discussed. hydraulic conductance / high pressure flowmeter / transient mode / root / shoot Résumé – Mesure de la conductance hydraulique des parties aériennes et des systèmes racinaires avec les modes transitoire et dynamique du fluxmètre haute pression. La conductance hydraulique des parties aériennes et des systèmes racinaires a été mesurée avec le fluxmètre haute pression (HPFM) en mode transitoire et en mode dynamique. Les mesures ont été effectuées sur des plants de Quercus robur et de Fagus sylvatica ayant poussé sur différents substrats (sol forestier, sable, Terra-green, vermiculite) et récoltés à différentes périodes de l’année. Les valeurs de k obtenues par le mode transitoire ont été comparées à celles obtenues par le mode dynamique. Une bonne corrélation 1:1 a été observée pour les rameaux et les tiges défeuillées mais plusieurs types de divergence sont apparus pour les systèmes racinaires. La sous-estimation de k par le mode dynamique par rapport au mode transitoire peut être expliquée par l’osmose inverse. Cependant le mode transitoire n’était pas fonctionnel pour certains systèmes racinaires. Ce problème s’est produit essentiellement pour des petits plants récoltés tôt dans l’année, avant que le débourrement ne soit fini. La nature et l’origine des problèmes sont discutées. conductance hydraulique / fluxmètre haute pression / racine / rameau / mode transitoire Ann. For. Sci. 59 (2002) 389–396 389 © INRA, EDP Sciences, 2002 DOI: 10.1051/forest:2002010 * Correspondence and reprints Tel.: 33 3 83 39 40 41; fax: 33 3 83 39 40 69; e-mail: [email protected]
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تاریخ انتشار 2002